GCV’s Civil War Event – Late War Millinery

IMG_4587This was my second year in the Dressmaker’s Shop at the Genesee Country Village for their Civil War Encampment. As you can see Saturday morning was pleasant and sunny. You can also see the soldiers struck camp right up to my back door. While I was thinking this might make for some fun interaction, after-all I was prepared to say all my firewood was stollen as well as my wooden head forms. But, in the end, they kept to themselves. Well, except for eating all the beautiful black raspberries I was eyeing the night before.

Rather than interpreting the pretty pink building as a dressmaker’s shop, I dressed it as a Millinery. The blue and rose print interior makes for such a pleasant place to work in. You can see the working table and display table. (Yes, we did put it right over the stove. No firewood, no need for a stove.)


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I wanted to bring a basic sampling of bonnets to show visitors. As I was working on a straw plait form, I would compare that to the woven straw in the middle, Vivian Murphy’s work. Then I would discuss the two finished fashion bonnets, left and right. We would also talk about the winter bonnet in the back and the sun bonnet just below. Many people asked about the veils. This was a good teaching point to explain the differences in the mourning veils and every day veils. (An interesting set-up/interpretation note – There was notably more touching this year than with with last year’s set up. This is good to know for determining what display pieces to bring and place where. The pink and grey was the most touched followed by Lily’s green when it sat on the empty stand.) Oh. Those wooden stands are the ones I made on Wed/Thursday last week. I’m rather pleased.

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Here are the faux spools of ribbon I have been working on. I was excited to see them on the shelf. They aren’t quiet where I want them look-wise. I need to come up with a better way of doing the ends with the labels. That is why they are all up on end. Each roll is faked by using only a short piece of ribbon, usually 5-6″ but as short as a 3″ trapezoid, around a roll of original or mocked paper. I’m also planning to take my original ribbons, reproduced on white silk ribbon via the printer and make faux rolls out of those. In the works as well are sample cards. I started a set, but was not happy with the look… at all. So, back to the drawing board on those.
Faux Rolls of Ribbon

This was the “home” area for the weekend. The little day bed is napping suitable. The large cabinet is truly ideal. It reminds me a lot of the cabinet Dad had stripped for me when I was little. Those cabinets hold everything. It made storing food, supplies, etc very easy. It was okay if visitors opened the top because everything was period containers. We really didn’t need to have food out on the table at all. It did help as a reminder to actually eat though. IMG_4581I am utterly lacking in actual impression photos, worse than usual. All I have of myself are these “selfies” I played around with while it was raining in the morning. The bonnet is a coarse straw, meant to represent those made cheaply, worn by poorer women or those institutionalized. This can also be the “last remnants” straw of late war.

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A Year in Millinery Fashion – 1864

Fig. 5 is an elegant bonnet of white silk edged with blue silk, and having a curtain and strings of the same. At the top, rather towards the left side, is a cockade of blue satin, with a mother of pearl centre and a few short white feathers. Blonde cap, having at the top a few bows of blue ribbon, with a rose and some buds. (Godey’s, July, 1864)

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 Fig. 7 is a Mousquetaire hat drab straw, trimmed by two narrow bands of scarlet velvet, and having in front a plume of black and red feathers, and one large ostrich feather. (Godey’s, July, 1864)

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A Year in Millinery Fashion – 1864

Buff and salmon are very much used for the trimming of both bonnets and hats. On many of the bonnets a single flower is arranged on the outside. For instance, a water-lily, the leaves glistening with dew-drops. Or the bright tinted tulip. Of the latter flower we have seen many elegant specimens. Feathery, silvery, pearl, and silk grasses enter largely into the composition of moutures for bonents and headdresses. Upon examining the elegant, wavering grasses, we found the hundreds of little spikelets to be formed of mother-of-pearl and steel; but so tiny and delicate, that the least breath would set them in motion; and the various lights thrown on them caused them to glitter almost like jewels.

Large, fancy wheat ears in salmon or buff crepe, with long silky beards, form a very stylish trimming for a black horse-hair bonnet.

Much artistic skill is displayed in the arrangement of headdresses, though there is but little change in the style; nor will there be, until there is a decided change in the arrangement of the hair.

Sprays of pink coral, scarcely to be detected from the real article, arranged with grasses and shells, form a charming coiffure. Marie Antoinette tufts of the rarest flowers, and of the most graceful coloring, are to be found at Mme. Tilman’s. Of the tufts and half wreaths of which we have spoken in a previous article, we shall shortly give illustrations. Many other beautiful fantasies we could mention; but we must also speak of children’s hats.

For information we visited Mr. Genin’s establishment, 513 Broadway, New York. Among the newest and most becoming styles, are Arion, Casquet, and Armenia. The former has the crown tapering in front, and rounding at the back. The brim is narrow in front, runs to a point behind, and the edges are curled. The Casquet resembles the Arion, only that the brim is narrower and not curled. The Armenia has a high straight crown, narrow brim, which forms a curve both front and back, the sides being perfectly straight. In some of the models, the brim at the side consists merely of a tiny of velvet.

Besides the above mentioned styles there are many others; but the three we have named seem to be the favorites, and are to be had in all sizes from ladies to infants.

Some of the dress hats have a brim entirely covered with velvet. The principal timmings for ladies and misses are feathers and velvet. All kinds of feathers are brought to requisition – peacock’s, heron, king fisher’s, cock’s, and even eagle plumes.

For children, silk flowers, shells, wheat ears, and ribbons, are the accepted trimmings. Straw ribbons and tassels arranged with high colored velvets, are very dressy.

For school hats, the different shades of gray or cuir, and the mixed straws, are the most suitable both for misses and boys. The turban and Scotch styles, though old, are very much adopted, and with the mask veil and the hair arranged en Grecque, present quite a jaunty and pretty appearance. They are suitable, however, only for misses.

Where ribbon is used, it generally terminates in long streamers at the back. Frequently, however, narrow ribbon velvet is laid in deep points round the crown fastening underneath, a tuft of feathers or flowers in front.

A drawn rosette of salmon-colored crepe lisse, with a scarf of the same, edged with a delicate straw fringe, forms a very light and pretty trimming for a hat.

For little boys, there are numerous; some have a round crown, with rolled brim. These are generally of a plain colored straw, trimmed with a band of blue or brown ribbon, fastened at the side with a pearl clasp. More fanciful shapes are trimmed with an aigrette, consisting of a small rosette of peacock’s feathers, from which spring three straight feathers or a wing. The sailor-shaped hat is also fashionable.

Infants’ hats are generally of white straw, bound with velvet, either a bright blue, lilac, or cherry. Narrow bands of the same encircle the crown, and, in front, a short white plume is caught with a bow of white ribbon. For a boy the plume passes over the crown, for a girl it falls at the side. (Godey’s, July, 1864)

Testing Shutterfly’s Photo Folios

Rather than creating each volume of folio twice, once for on the blog and once to be printed, I am trying to see if I can link the Shutterfly versions. I want it to be smooth and pretty, no hoops for people to jump through.

Millinery Folio Edition 1 (2013-1014)

Click here to view this photo book larger

You’ll love award-winning Shutterfly photo books. Start your own today.

Millinery Folio Edition 2 (2014)

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Shutterfly offers exclusive layouts and designs so you can make your book just the way you want.
EDIT: Okay, so not anywhere near what I wanted. I wanted the album to be an image on the blog to click on with the whole thing popping up, easy to see. Scrapping this idea.
Published in: on July 13, 2014 at 8:31 pm  Leave a Comment  

A Year in Millinery Fashion – 1864

Fig. 3 is a bonnet of white crape, with curtain and strings of green silk. At the top of front is an ornament, composed of a piece of green silk edged with broad black lace, and having on the left side a tuft of black feathers. (Godey’s, July, 1864)

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Fig. 4 is a bonnet composed entirely of fullings of white tulle. The curtain and strings are of violet silk. At the top of front is a group of violet feathers, and in the cap are some bows of violet ribbon and a few violet flowers. (Godey’s, July, 1864)

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Hats have high crowns, and the feathers are mostly arranged in tufts in front instead of round the border or brim; peacock’s, heron’s, and kingfisher’s, indeed, every variety of feather, is brought into requisition for these hats; but in Paris a decided preference is shown for the eagle’s plume for this purpose. (Peterson’s, July 1864)

The mention of the eagle’s plume makes me wonder how many of the fashionable millinery feathers came from now endangered birds.

Loving Checks!

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If you read the post a few weeks ago on Drawn Bonnets, you may have noticed a black and white check and a blue and white check. There was just something about these bonnets that screamed “make me!”

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The black and white is a taffeta silk with approx 1/6″ checks. The silk is drawn on cane over a light weight wired buckram. The slightly flared brim is prettily flounced.  The fashion ties are a high quality double faced satin and the functional/utility ties are a silk taffeta.  It is lined in cotton voile. The frill is a silk organza. The interior decoration pulls directly from the inspirational original that was done in ribbon and lace. This one has handmade ribbon petals and delicate white violets set on a wire and tacked into the bonnet. I really was quite giddy when I finished the exterior of this bonnet. I was so please with how it came out.

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Since my silk merchant had a blue check in a shade that nearly matched an original blue check, I just had to make that one as well. This check is a tissue taffeta with a tiny check. It is also drawn on cane over a buckram bonnet, with one drawn section over a wire. The interior is cotton voile lawn with an organza frill. On the inside are blue paper flowers. On the outside is a garland of small velvet blue blossoms. The utility ties are an ivory silk taffeta and the fashion ties are a German moire.

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I had just enough of the black check taffeta left. It really wanted to be a soft crown.

This is a straw plait brim with the black and white silk taffeta soft crown. The interior is lined and has an organza frill. The fashion ribbon is a black German moire while the utility/functional ties are a narrow black silk taffeta. I was so very tempted last night to trim this out in peacock feathers and black velvet berries. I wasn’t sure that people would like that, so I held off.

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Here is a sampling of checked drawn bonnets:

Check thumb 1 Check thumb 2 Check thumb 3 Check thumb 4

A Year in Millinery Fashion – 1864

Fig. 2 is a dress bonnet of white tulle; down the front edge is a fulling of tulle, and at the top of the front is a plume of white feathers. The top and crown of the bonnet are covered
by a square of white lace, edged with a small white silk ball fringe; at the top edge of this square is a deep flounce of white lace, edged with ball fringe. The strings are of white silk, and the cap has a few small pink flowers at the top. (Godey’s, July, 1864)

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A Year in Millinery Fashion – 1864

Fig. 1 is a bonnet of rose-colored crepe, with curtain of the same. Near the front edge is a narrow band of the crepe, edges by a white lace; at the top of front is a group of roses and rose-buds, mixed with fulling of lace or blonde; from beneath the group, a passing down the back of crown, is a fulling of tulle edged with narrow lace; at the back curtain is a small rose-bud with leaves, from under which, falling over the curtain, is a broad lappet of tulle edged with white lace. The strings are of pink silk. (Godey’s, July, 1864)

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A Year in Millinery Fashion – 1864

Round hats are now very generally adopted. Some of the prettiest we have seen were in cuir-colored straw trimmed with velvet and feathers to match. Others were of chip, straw, and imitation Leghorn, elaborately trimmed with spun glass, shells, plaid velvet, and feathers. Veils, or rather scarfs, of white or black lace, are frequently looped at the side of the hat, and fall as a streamer at the back. The hats we have seen were not as high and pointed as those of last season. The brim fits rather closely to the face, and the back of the brim droops, and is much longer than the front.

We noticed some very pretty hats trimmed with bands and loops of velvet in front, and a pointed cape of velvet edged with lace covering the brim at the back.

Little girls are wearing half gypsies of straw. These are rather pointed in front, flare much at the sides to display a full cap of lace and ribbons, and at the back turn up like a turban. Cased silk bonnets with inimitable muslin and lace crowns, trimmed with the lightest of feathers, are also among the Spring costumes for little girls. Muslin and lace caps of every description are worn, they are generally of the Marie Stuart shape, with quite deep capes at the back. They are highly trimmed with ribbons, and frequently a tiny bunch of bright flowers is nestled among the soft lace on one side.

Mask veils are altogether worn. That is, the veil is drawn closely over the face, and fastened on top of the bonnet or hat with an insect pin. It is, however, difficult to arrange an ordinary veil in the mask style, on the small turban hats now so much worn by young ladies. We would therefore recommend the veil manufactured for the purpose, and just introduced by G. W. Vogel, of 1016 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia. These veils are a little over a quarter yard wide, perfectly  straight, and just sufficiently long enough to fit round the hat. For the Spanish hat there is another veil, which is decidedly novel. This has a hole in the centre, which passes over the crown of the hat; round this is a beading in which the elastic is run. The veil is pointed in front, and at the back, while the sides are shallow.

(Godey’s, June 1864)

Drawn Bonnets (the less ubber-quick version)

When talking about drawn bonnets, we should start with a little vocabulary and “how it is done”.

Drawn – Drawn is when the fabric, most often but not exclusively silk, is sewn with channels into which cane or wire is inserted. The fabric is then bunched, or drawn, up along the length of the cane/wire to create a gathered effect. The drawn cane/wire is attached to the bonnet form.

Shirred – Shirred is when a fabric, often silk, is gathered without additional structure. This can be flat or with flounces.

A single bonnet can have either drawn or shirred techniques, or it may have both.

Construction can be done with individual strips of fabric or larger pieces with multiple sections of drawing or shirring. These were done on both wire only frames and frames with light foundation. Drawn and shirred sections are seen on the brim, on the brim and crown, evenly spaced, unevenly spaced, edged with a different material and even running front to back in some cases.

Now, let us look at some examples. (My apologies for the flash in the images.)

In this fashion illustration and description, the bonnet is directly referred to as “drawn”. This bonnet would have the crepe gathered on cane or wires passing over the bonnet. This bonnet could have been made with two drawn sections, one for the brim and one for the crown.

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The bonnet of drawn cuir-colored crepe, trimmed on the front with a fanchon of white lace, loops of green ribbon, and Scotch feathers. The inside trimming is of bright flowers, of the
Scotch colors. The cape is covered with a fall of white blonde. (Godey’s, May 1864)

This bonnet, from the MET, has very easy to see canes which the silk is drawn on. 4 canes draw a single piece of silk onto the brim, while a separate piece is set smoothly over the crown and tip. These canes are on the thicker/larger size, being round. (the widest cane channels I’ve seen in an image are on this Henry Ford Museum corduroy bonnet.)

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This bonnet also has the drawn sections on the brim while the crown is smooth. It appears to differ from the previous bonnet in that the canes are drawn on separately in strips. The very edge of the brim is covered with one strip. Three strips are drawn onto canes. These are applied from the back to front, with the front most strip being drawn onto 2 canes, creating a little flounce just behind the front edge.

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The next several bonnets show drawn silk on the brim and crown. Notice the variety of spacing used. Some are set snuggly, while other are set with quite a bit of space. The green bonnet has fairly evenly spaced drawn canes/wires.  The blue and white pairs the drawn canes together.  Flounces drawn on cane or wire are tucked in as well. The black and white one has a flounce just where the crown meets the brim. The brown bonnet highlights the angles and overlapping that was done on some bonnets. This helps add to the curvy movement to some bonnets.

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This example shows that gathered sections can be worked vertically, over the back of the tip. This may or may not be drawn. A better example, where the canes can be seen, showing it is truly a drawn bonnet can be seen HERE

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This last illustration show that a drawn brim can be done with a soft crown. (A tempting idea for this summer. Maybe I’ll make one.)

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This bonnet has a front of drawn green silk. The graceful soft crown is of white silk. The trimming consists of a tuft of meadow grass and field flowers, also loops of white silk placed directly over the crown. The inside trimmings is of white and black lace and field flowers. (Godey’s, May 1864)

 

 

 

This is my pin board of 1840s through 1860s drawn bonnets. (I’m splitting drawn and buckram. Bare with me.)

 

Published in: on June 13, 2014 at 6:00 am  Comments (2)